Structural Analysis

Thesis Statement

In the opening paragraph [Sec. #1], the last sentence as highlighted in the following quotes would be the thesis statement for the two reasons. First, it contains the keyword disaster, which is discussed throughout the entire essay. In addition, the key phrases five times more indicates that the focus will be on the inequality between generations.

Drawing on multiple climate and demographic models, Thiery and 36 colleagues compared the risks faced by previous generations to the number of extreme events today’s children will witness in their lifetimes. Unless world leaders agree on more ambitious policies when they meet for the United Nations climate summit in Glasgow, Scotland, this fall, the study says, today’s children will be exposed to an average of five times more disasters than if they lived 150 years ago.

Essay Outline

• [Sec. #2] - Youngers suffer the effects of climate change which are most contributed by previous generations
  The topic of this section is made very clear in the statement by Thiery in this section young people are being hit by climate crisis, and the rest of the section talks about what leads to climate disasters youngers have to face nowadays, which is particularly indicated by the key phrase emissions produced during their parents’ lifetimes.
• [Sec. #3] - Aggressive efforts are effective but merely executable
  In the first sentence of the section, the key aggressive efforts implies that this section focuses on the solution to climate change. Crucially, in the last statement, Adriana points out the problems with the current situation by saying people need to take actions.
• [Sec. #4] - Climate change has resulted in some consequences in recent years
  The section header is based on the three indicators of the arriving of climate crisis, which are discussed in the last three paragraphs in this section with key phrases like increased risk of some hazards, lived experience of children being born today, and vast toll of human suffering that in each of the paragraphs.
• [Sec. #5] - The quantitative findings are expected to help government to implement some actions and people to know the urgency of climate disaster
  The first paragraph of the section includes the main topic of the section, which is to call on for actions, and the second paragraph showing that the research did helps by using key phrase such as it helps make the case, and establish governments’ and corporations’ liability.
• [Sec. #6] - Youngers have awarded of their future, adults can help them by taking actions
  In the first paragraph of this section, survey indicates that young people are worried about the unbated climate change, and perspectives of children are given in the second paragraph. In the last two paragraphs, the key phrases help them feel empowered, give young people a greater role in setting climate policy, and making the dramatic emissions reductions suggested that adults ought to allow children to make an effort on this issue and curb the emission.

Coherence & Cohesion

[Sec. #2]

Coherence

• Para #1 - Section #2 is the first paragraph that follows the opening paragraph, so its first paragraph naturally carries on to elaborate on the main topic. In the first sentence The changes are especially dramatic in..., the keyword changes is linked back to the main topic of the essay, which creates a natural transition into the subtopic.

Cohesion

• Para #1 - In this paragraph, the author adopts the strategy of using synonyms or similar wordings by using the worst effects of climate change, the disasters, climates crisis, and the consequences, namely climate disasters to connect back to the discussion in the previous paragraph, which is still about climate change.

[Sec. #3]

Coherence

• Para #1 - In the paragraph immediately before Section #3, the focus is on who causes and suffers climate change, and in the first statement of the first paragraph in this section Aggressive efforts to curb..., the author uses curb and improve to indicate a change of the focus to what can be the solution, which is to reduce emissions substantially.

• Para #2 - Following the former paragraph, the author uses transitional word but in the opening of this paragraph to indicate the uncertain outlook of youngers’ future due to the difficulty of slowing down planet warming so far. In addition, the author quotes a child’s worrying to match the topic and make the writing even more coherent.

Cohesion

• Para #1 - In this pagraph, the author uses they to refer to newborns and today’s children in the previous sentences, which is the use of synonyms to emphasize the focus on children are who suffering from climate crisis.

• Para #2 - In the last two quotes of Adriana, the author uses the strategy involving of repetition by quoting sentences mentioning three times of keep, which puts an emphasis on the unabated warming problems.

[Sec. #4]

Coherence

• Para #1 - In the paragraph immediately before Section #4, the focus is on children facing climate change, and in the second sentence of the first paragraph in this section ..., the author uses But to indicate a change of the focus to the situation of people under 40. Note that in the rest of sentences, the author still includes other keywords related to the topic to make the writing even more coherent, such as rates of extreme events.

• Para #2 - The first quote in this paragraph still mentioned grandchildren, and the second quote changes to the fact that climate change has arrived. In addition, the author emphasizes the seriousness by the keywordData limitations quoting from Rogelj. Then the author uses on the other hand to show the statement adapt to the changes that are coming can let disasters don’t have to be as destructive for future generations as they are for people today, which makes this paragraph relate to the main topic.

• Para #3 - Following the former paragraphs in section #4, the author also offers scientist Cobb’s statement base on the findings, which has similar structure with the former paragraph. Additionally, the author still focuses on the consequences of climate change, making the writing more coherent.

Cohesion

• Para #1 - In this paragraph, the author uses the strategy of synonyms, unprecedented disaster exposure and extreme events in the last statement of this paragraph are referring to the keywordsclimate disaster.

• Para #2 - In the statement of Rogelj in this paragraph, the keyword disasters is replaced by the pronoun they in the phrase disasters don’t have to be as destructive….

• Para #3 - In this paragraph, the author also uses pronoun by quoting Cobb’s statement. The keyword climate change impacts is replaced by that in the quote it brings into sharp focus what so….

[Sec. #5]

Coherence

• Para #1 - By using the phrase published in conjunction with, the author suggests another report to indicate the impact of Thiery’s findings, whose content and importance are implied and indicated in former sections.

Cohesion

• Para #1 - The author uses paraphrasing by the phrase in the statement quantify how a child in their lifetime will see so many more of these extreme events …, which is paraphrasing of the topic of this essay.

• Para #1 - In this paragraph, the findings and this in the last statement agreed that anticipatory research like this… are pronouns of the main research Thiery’s findings , which is also a keyword in this essay.

[Sec. #6]

Coherence

• Para #1 - In the first statement Young people already say…, the author uses two keywords young people and climate change to make a coherence with the main topic. Note that in the rest of this section, the author takes the same way as the topic, which is to compare children and their previous generation in the phrase scientists found that three quarters…would have less opportunity than their parents.

• Para #2 - In the former paragraph, the focus is on the worrying of children, and in the first statement of this paragraph Experts say one way to help… the author uses climate anxiety to indicate consequences of climate change.

• Para #3 - Following the climate anxiety in former paragraphs in this section, the author uses the statement Our choices now will determine whether kids grow up in a world with four times as many heat waves or seven times as many heat waves, a world with occasional crop failures or chronic food shortages., which links back to the topic and make the writing even more coherent.

Cohesion

• Para #1 - In this paragraph, the future of children is crucial and implies that the key climate disasters is a part of their future. The author uses repetition to repeat the keyword the future by quoting two kids’ thoughts toward their future in The future for me… and Adriana, the 6-year-old, said....

• Para #2 - In the first sentence Experts say one way to help children… of this paragraph, the author uses the strategy of pronoun by using they to indicates the keyword children.

• Para #3 - In the second sentence of this paragraph, the author uses paraphrasing in the phrase kids grow up in a world with four times as many heat waves or seven times…, which has similar meaning with the topic of this essay.

Take-home Message

In the last paragraph of the entire essay, the author quotes the statement of the author of the study that quantifies the times of climate disasters children are going to have. In the statements, Thiery implies some possible solutions to the climate crisis faced by people as young as his kids. For example, the author shows that the goal of adults is to earn back children’s trust by making the dramatic emissions reductions that have been so long delayed. The author also quotes Thiery's hopeful attitude toward reducing planet warming, like We can still avoid the worst consequences. In addition, the author quotes Thiery's calling to adults and parents like That is what gives me strength as a father. … Their future is in our hands. Thus, we can see that in general, the author tries to convince people that It is necessary and urgent to take action on curbing emissions from now on, and it will never be too late or useless for the children.

And adults must earn back children’s trust, Thiery said, by making the dramatic emissions reductions that have been so long delayed. Our choices now will determine whether kids grow up in a world with four times as many heat waves or seven times as many heat waves, a world with occasional crop failures or chronic food shortages. “We can still avoid the worst consequences,” he said. “That is what gives me strength as a father. … Their future is in our hands.”